The L1 Weekly Report is published every Friday, focusing on the development of Layer 1 blockchains. If you have any suggestions, feel free to contact [email protected].

Bitcoin

• Disclosure: LDK Invalid Claims Liquidity Griefing
  • LDK 0.0.125 and below are vulnerable to a liquidity griefing attack against anchor channels. The attack locks up funds such that they can only be recovered by manually constructing and broadcasting a valid claim transaction. Affected users can unlock their funds by upgrading to LDK 0.1 and replaying the sequence of commitment and HTLC transactions that led to the lock up.
• Stats on compact block reconstructions
  • The author examined compact block reconstruction stats from monitoring nodes’ debug.logs, specifically the need for extra getblocktxn→blocktxn round - trips due to unknown transactions during reconstruction. Nodes with debug=cmpctblock logging show details like pre - filled, mempool, extra pool, and requested transactions. Node configs vary slightly but mostly use Bitcoin Core defaults. The share of reconstructions not needing transaction requests was graphed, and three periods with low rates correlated with mempool activity. Node Dave’s performance dipped with more inbound connections. Enabling mempoolfullrbf on node Erin reduced reconstructions needing transaction requests. Median reconstruction times were 15ms without and 130ms with requests. The author also posed questions about low - vs high - bandwidth reconstructions, extra pool sizes, historic performance, and outbound - only nodes.

Ethereum

• Gossipsub Network Diameter Estimate
  • The ProbeLab team created a stochastic model to estimate Gossipsub network diameter. By making assumptions like a broadcast - only model and fixed mesh degree, they analyzed message propagation. In the Ethereum network with about 9,000 nodes and a mesh degree of 8, the model shows the network diameter is seven. The number of new infections rises to round five and then declines. Duplicates surge in rounds five and six. The model has some discrepancies in duplicate count but can represent their distribution.
• L1 improvement based on Minus Theory
  • Minus Theory offers a new blockchain - building approach. It moves verification, execution tasks, and the global state to an indexer, leaving nodes to focus on consensus. This could boost L1 blockchains like Ethereum, with potential TPS of 10k - 200k.
• Native rollups—superpowers from L1 execution
  • This post proposes an EXECUTE precompile to expose the native L1 EVM execution engine for native rollups. Native rollups use this precompile to verify EVM state transitions, acting like “programmable execution shards”.
• EIP-5792:Flow Control Wallet Call Capability
  • This proposal extends EIP-5792 to allow dapps to downgrade their required atomicity guarantees and control the behaviour after a failed/reverted call. It introduces the batch-scope concept of strict vs. loose atomicity, where a strict batch remains atomic in the face of chain reorgs and a loose batch does not; and the per-call ability to continue after a failed/reverted call (continue) or stop processing (halt).
• RIP-7740:Preinstall deterministic deployment factories
  • This proposal introduces a set of deployment factory contracts to be preinstalled at common addresses. This will enable deterministic contract deployment to the same address across different networks.
• Poqeth: Efficient, post-quantum signature verification on Ethereum
  • In this, perhaps not-so-distant future, post-quantum signatures will be verified by on-chain contracts. In this new work, we implement and evaluate the gas cost of verifying four post-quantum signatures on-chain: WOTS+, XMSS, SPHINS+, and MAYO. We invite the community to review, extend, and collaborate with us on poqeth, an open-source library that implements these verification algorithms in Solidity. We expect massive gas-cost improvements in the future. PRs, issues, comments and questions are welcome!
• Falcon as an Ethereum Transaction Signature: The Good, the Bad, and the Gnarly
  • This is Part 2 of a blog series exploring the feasibility of implementing a post-quantum signature scheme for Ethereum. In Part 1, we introduced the fundamental challenges and considerations involved in transitioning Ethereum to a quantum-resistant future. In this installment, we’ll dive deeper into Falcon, a promising post-quantum signature algorithm, examining its strengths, weaknesses, and the practical hurdles of integrating it into Ethereum’s transaction framework.
• Ethereum Macroeconomics via Dynamics
  • This post, part of an Ethereum Foundation - funded project, uses a “stock and flow” model based on dynamical system theory to analyze Ethereum’s macroeconomics. It examines concerns like near - 100% staking, inflation, and governance centralization.
• Friendly names for Final ERCs